PF Ratio Calculator (PaO₂/FiO₂)

The PF ratio divides arterial oxygen by the fraction of inspired oxygen to grade how severely the lungs are failing at oxygenation, and is the core metric used to diagnose and stage ARDS.

Calculate the PF Ratio

mmHg
From an arterial blood gas (ABG).
Enter a value between 20 and 650.
%
21–100%, or as a fraction (0.21–1.00).
Enter a value between 21–100% or 0.21–1.00.
PF Ratio (PaO₂ / FiO₂)
160
mmHg
Moderate ARDS range
PaO₂
80.0 mmHg
FiO₂
50%

How It's Calculated

Formula
PF Ratio = PaO₂ (mmHg) ÷ FiO₂ (decimal)

What the Result Means

> 300

Normal to at-risk oxygenation.

200–300

Mild ARDS (Berlin criteria).

100–200

Moderate ARDS.

≤ 100

Severe ARDS.

Worked Example

Given: PaO₂ 80 mmHg on FiO₂ 0.5.

  1. PF = 80 ÷ 0.5 = 160
  2. Between 100 and 200 — the moderate ARDS range.

How the PF Ratio Stages ARDS

Lower ratios mean worse oxygenation — the Berlin criteria set the severity bands.

>300 200-300 100-200 ≤100 Normal Mild Moderate Severe Berlin ARDS staging by PF ratio

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the PF ratio require an arterial line?

Yes — the PaO₂ must come from an arterial blood gas, not pulse oximetry. The non-invasive SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio is a separate surrogate measure that some protocols use when an ABG isn't available.

What is a normal PF ratio?

Greater than about 400. By the Berlin criteria for ARDS, 200–300 is mild, 100–200 is moderate, and 100 or below is severe.

Why divide by FiO₂ as a decimal?

FiO₂ is entered as a fraction (0.21–1.00), so PaO₂ 80 on FiO₂ 0.5 gives 80 ÷ 0.5 = 160. Entering FiO₂ as a percent by mistake makes the ratio 100× too small.

Does the PF ratio depend on PEEP?

The Berlin ARDS definition requires the PF ratio to be measured on at least 5 cmH₂O of PEEP, because PEEP itself changes oxygenation. This calculator computes the raw ratio; interpret it in that context.

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