Rapid Shallow Breathing Index (RSBI)

The RSBI divides respiratory rate by tidal volume to gauge whether a patient is breathing in a sustainable pattern — a key predictor of whether they can come off the ventilator.

Calculate the RSBI

breaths/min
Spontaneous rate during the trial.
Enter a value between 4 and 70.
mL
Average spontaneous tidal volume.
Enter a value between 50 and 1500.
RSBI (f/Vt)
50
breaths/min/L
Weaning likely to succeed
Rate
20/min
Vt
400 mL

How It's Calculated

Formula
RSBI = Respiratory Rate ÷ Tidal Volume (in liters)

What the Result Means

< 85

Favorable — weaning likely to succeed.

85–105

Borderline — weigh with the rest of the picture.

105–130

Above threshold — caution.

> 130

Weaning likely to fail.

Worked Example

Given: rate 20/min, tidal volume 400 mL.

  1. RSBI = 20 ÷ 0.4 = 50 — well below 105, favorable.

Deep & Slow vs. Rapid & Shallow

Fast, shallow breathing pushes the index up and predicts weaning failure.

big Vt slow small, fast high RSBI vs

Frequently Asked Questions

What RSBI predicts successful weaning?

A value below 105 breaths/min/L predicts successful extubation; above 105 predicts a higher chance of failure. It's measured during a brief spontaneous breathing trial.

Why does rapid shallow breathing predict failure?

Small, fast breaths waste a larger fraction of each breath on dead space and signal that the respiratory muscles can't sustain adequate tidal volumes — a sign of fatigue or high load.

Is RSBI used alone to decide extubation?

No. It's one piece alongside oxygenation, secretions, mental status, cough strength, and the overall clinical picture. A favorable RSBI supports but doesn't guarantee a successful wean.

How is RSBI measured?

During a spontaneous breathing trial with minimal or no support, the respiratory rate and average tidal volume are recorded, then rate is divided by tidal volume in liters.

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